个人英语单词学习

单词发音

• 英式发音：/ɪnˈdʌl.dʒəns/
• 美式发音：/ɪnˈdʌl.dʒəns/

分析词义

• indulgence 主要指过度放纵、纵容或沉溺于某种乐趣、欲望等。它通常带有负面含义，表明某人在某事上缺乏自制力。

列举例句

1. Scenario: Overeating
2. Sentence: His indulgence in junk food led to health problems.

3. Translation: 他对垃圾食品的过度放纵导致了健康问题。

4. Scenario: Spoiling a child

5. Sentence: The parents' indulgence of their child resulted in bad behavior.

6. Translation: 父母对孩子的溺爱导致孩子行为不端。

7. Scenario: Luxury spending

8. Sentence: Her indulgence in luxury goods put her into debt.
9. Translation: 她对奢侈品的沉迷使她负债累累。

词根分析

• indulgence 的词根是 indulg-，意思是 "yield to" (屈服于)。
• Derived Words:
• Indulge: 沉迷，纵容
• Indulgent: 宽容的，溺爱的

词缀分析

• In-: 前缀，表示 "into" 或 "on"。
• -ence: 后缀，用于形成名词。
• Similar Words with the Same Suffix:
• Diffidence (Noun form of diffident, meaning hesitant or uncertain)
• Resilience (Noun form of resilient, meaning able to recover quickly from difficulties)

发展历史和文化背景

• Etymology: The word "indulgence" comes from the Latin word "indulgentia," which means "willfulness" or "self-indulgence." It has historically been used in religious contexts, particularly in Catholicism, where it referred to forgiveness for sins granted by the Church.
• Cultural Significance: In modern Western culture, indulgence often carries a negative connotation, suggesting a lack of self-control or willpower.

单词变形

• Noun: Indulgence (放纵)
• Verb: Indulge (沉迷)
• Adjective: Indulgent (宽容的，溺爱的)
• Adverb: Indulgently (宽容地，溺爱地)

固定搭配、组词

• Give oneself an indulgence (给自己一个放纵的机会)
• An indulgent smile (宽容的微笑)

记忆辅助

• Memory Tip: Associate "indulgence" with images of someone overeating at a buffet or a parent giving in to every demand of a spoiled child. Visualize these scenarios to remember the meaning and usage of the word.

小故事

• English Story: Emma loved chocolate. Every evening, she would sit on her couch, remote in one hand and a giant chocolate bar in the other. Her indulgence was unchecked, and soon, her once-active lifestyle gave way to hours of TV watching and eating. One day, she realized her clothes didn’t fit anymore and decided enough was enough. She threw out the remaining chocolate and vowed to start walking every morning.

• 中文翻译: 艾玛喜欢吃巧克力。每天晚上，她都会坐在沙发上，一手拿着遥控器，一手拿着巨大的巧克力条。她的放纵无度，很快，她曾经活跃的生活方式变成了看电视和吃巧克力的小时数。有一天，她意识到自己的衣服不合身了，决定够了。她扔掉了剩下的巧克力，发誓每天早上开始散步。